%PDF-1.5 A hydrometer is a device designed to measure the relative density of a liquid which refers to the ratio of the actual density of … <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.56 842.04] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> 1.The loss in mass in pre-treatment of the soil in percentage is calculated from the following expression: P = (1 – Mb/Md) * 100 Where,P = loss in mass in percentage Md = mass of dry soil sample taken from the soil passing 2 mm sieve Mb = mass of the soil after pre-treatment The hydrometer method also gave, by substraction, results comparable to the wet sieve method for particles >43 and 53μ. The Hydrometer Analysis of Soil. This hydrometer comes with a NIST traceable certificate of calibration. Also there is a chance of lost of sample during sieving. 3.3 Procedure - The portion of the soil sample retained on 4*75-mm Or it can give us an analog signal of… Hydrometer Reading, R h. Summary of Methods Deflocculating agent (sodium Hexa metaphosphate solution prepared by dissolving 33g of sodium Hexa metaphosphate and 7g of sodium carbonate in distilled water to make one litre solution) Soils finer than the No. 4 0 obj The mechanical or sieve analysis is performed to . 200 (75µm) sieve. = Air-dry wt./(1 + decimal of % H 2 O) b. 175 lbs. Particle size analysis is the method of separation of any soil sample into different fractions based on their particles sizes. µ = Co-efficient of the viscosity of water at the temperature of the suspension at the time of taking the hydrometer reading (Refer Table: 1). The specific gravity is based on the weight of solids present, which in turn is based on the particle size. 200 sieve size (.075 mm). Results from the test show the grain size distribution for soils finer than the No. 200 was used to conduct the hydrometer test. 200 (75µm) sieve. G =Specific gravity of water. 'Hydrometer Analysis Introduction -Hydrometer analysis is the procedure generally adopted for determination of the particle-size distribution in a soil for the fraction that is finer than No. determine the distribution of the coarser, larger-sized particles, and the hydrometer The method is based on Stoke’s law governing the rate of sedimentation of particles suspended in water. 2 0 obj Meets ASTM D422; AASHTO T88. endobj and it is not practicable to design sieve having so smaller screen size. Calculate the temperature correction for the hydrometer readings. 200 was 63%. 200 sieve size (0.075 mm). 2.11 Stirring Rod: A glass stirring rod for each beaker for mixing the hydrometer analysis sample in the dispersing agent. air-dry soil samples. �}uy��� ��y0\K�OG���ۛW/��}�a���<4���GƋ� See accessories. This experiment involves the hydrometer analysis of fine soil which passes through the No. 1 Particle Size (Hydrometer) DATE: SEPT 2004 Particle Size Analysis (Hydrometer Method) 1. stream Hydrometer Analysis of Soil, continued. Jerah Frye & Sheryl GillSoil Texture Analysis using a hydrometer 6 pieces. Some Inherent Errors in Hydrometer Sedimentation Analysis ROBERT F. CONLEY Georgia Kaolin Company, Elizabeth. The specific gravity depends upon the mass of solids present, which in turn depends upon the particle size. Calculate the effective depth (H e) corresponding to each of the calibration marks (or hydrometer readings, R h) by the following expressions: H e = H + 0.5 (h – V h /A) The readings may be recorded as illustrated in Table 1: S. No. 82-D1199 Glass thermometer 0 to 50°C, div. The lower limit of the particle-size determined by this procedure is about 0.001 mm. 1. 200) of the Sieve Analysis. 200 sieve. %���� be taken separately for the analysis. 22-T0060/31 Rubber bung for 22-D1006/A 22-T0060/A Soil hydrometer 151 H, from 0.995 to 1.038 g/ml. 2.12 Timing Device: A watch or clock that indicates hours, minutes, and seconds. As alternative, model 22-T0060/B, 152 H, from -5 to 60 g/l, also available. New Jerses 07207 (U_S.A_J (Receited 4pnl6, 1969) SUMMARY In laboratory proceduresfordetermining particle si::e be hydrometer analysis (Stokes' laiv), sel eral assumptions commonly are made nhich in practice are inralid. Therefore hydrometer analysis is done for grain size analysis of fine grained soils. The test is used in conjunction with a standard sieve analysis of fine-grained soils with a wide range of particle sizes to provide a complete gradation curve. Oven-dry wt. Soils having particle size greater than 75 micron are analyzed by Sieve analysis method using sieves of different sizes. SA-1 Soil Hydrometer, ASTM 151H is graduated to read specific gravity. !�?�_�7�zmD�4�r�ʏ���w�w�W!�)��珗���*����8{��F|ˆe���%�{�|B¸�߈\�~)�������Y~��{�g Gs =Specific gravity of the soil. This because a fine grained soil consist of different sizes of particles starting from 0.075 mm to 0.0002 mm. Results from the test show the grain size distribution for soils finer than the No. m��E��ː���3}2��>�k�.�c0��k����C����]�3TU��r�!��;���H2��p���xJ��?��qT����C_���0����ox���y(��3��٭>x�F����W|"��uco[�����y��\�g!e߲�1���_�/���8? Sieve analysis test is performed only on fine-grained soil when 50% passes through the no. Hydrometer analysis is specifically for soil particle sizes that are less than approximately 0.75 mm in diameter. HR= effective depth corresponding to Rh in cm. A soil sample of known weight was placed into a 1000mL-graduated cylinder with tap water, was shaken by a lab technician to uniformly suspend the soil particles, and set up right when uniform density was achieved as shown in Figure 2.3 below. ICS Code. 3.2 Preparation of Sample -The soil sample received from the field shall be prepared as specified in IS : 2720 (Part 1 )-1983:. The procedure utilizes Stoke’s Law of settling velocity for spherical particles in a fluid; 2 The readings obtained in the hydrometer test are shown in the table below. We aim to close the gap to the industry by improving the awareness about latest trends in Civil Engineering. Hydrometer Method Page 2 of 10 Property of SFU Soil Science Lab 3. Hydrometer analysis is a method used to determine the particle size distribution of a fine-grained soil while sieve analysis is used for coarse-grained soils. c. Using the calibrated and temperature corrected hydrometer Add the 50g sample to a 500mL beaker, and then add distilled water to 400mL. GRAIN SIZE ANALYSIS (ASTM D 422) (SIEVE ANALYSIS) Purpose: This test is performed to determine the percentage of different grain sizes contained within a soil. endobj The hydrometer computes the specific gravity of the soil deferment at the midpoint of its bulb. CODE- 1007 HYDROMETER- SOIL RANGE- 9.95 to 1.030 0.5 SUB-DIVISION TEMPERATURE- 0.5% Calibrated at 20°C D = Diameter of the particle in suspension, in mm. <> Hydrometers measure suspended solids in sedimentation cylinders overtime periods of up to 24 hours and are used in hydrometer analysis of soils to test distribution of soil particle size. Hydrometer analysis provides an approximate particle-size distribution for particles whose median diameters smaller than 4φ (0.0625mm), which includes silt and clay size particles. Application The percentage of sand, silt and clay in the inorganic fraction of soil is measured in this procedure. A hydrometer analysis is the process by which fine-grained soils, silts and clays, are graded.